Contribution of Wild Relatives to Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) Yield Stability across Contrasted Environments

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is mostly grown in Mediterranean type environments, characterized by unpredictable rainfall amounts and distribution, heat stress, prevalence of major diseases pests, all to be exacerbated with climate change. Pre-breeding efforts transgressing adaptive genes from wild relatives need strengthened overcome these abiotic biotic challenges. In this study, we evaluated the yield stability 67 lines issued interspecific crosses Cham5 Haurani Triticum dicoccoides, T. agilopoides, urartu, Aegilops speltoides, under 15 contrasting rainfed irrigated environments Morocco, heat-prone conditions Sudan. Yield was assessed using parametric (univariate (e.g., Bi, S2di, Pi etc) multivariate (ASV, SIPC)) non-parametric (Si1, Si2, Si3 Si6) approaches. The combined analysis variance showed highly significant effects genotypes, genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI). varied (1370–6468 kg/ha), heritability (0.08–0.9), their contribution GEI. Several derived four parents productivity stability, making them suitable for climatic conditions. A advantage observed derivatives compared recurrent parent. Furthermore, no penalty many derivatives; they had improved unfavorable while maintaining high potential parent 142,026 142,074). It found that a limited number backcrosses can produce yielding/stable germplasm increasing diversity breeding pipeline. Comparing different approaches some used interchangeably; others complementary combine broad adaption higher yield.